INSERT v13

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The INSERT command available in the SQL language can also be used in SPL programs.

An expression in the SPL language can be used wherever an expression is allowed in the SQL INSERT command. Thus, SPL variables and parameters can be used to supply values to the insert operation.

The following is an example of a procedure that performs an insert of a new employee using data passed from a calling program.

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_insert (
    p_empno         IN emp.empno%TYPE,
    p_ename         IN emp.ename%TYPE,
    p_job           IN emp.job%TYPE,
    p_mgr           IN emp.mgr%TYPE,
    p_hiredate      IN emp.hiredate%TYPE,
    p_sal           IN emp.sal%TYPE,
    p_comm          IN emp.comm%TYPE,
    p_deptno        IN emp.deptno%TYPE
)
IS
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO emp VALUES (
        p_empno,
        p_ename,
        p_job,
        p_mgr,
        p_hiredate,
        p_sal,
        p_comm,
        p_deptno);

    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Added employee...');
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee # : ' || p_empno);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name       : ' || p_ename);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Job        : ' || p_job);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Manager    : ' || p_mgr);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hire Date  : ' || p_hiredate);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary     : ' || p_sal);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Commission : ' || p_comm);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Dept #     : ' || p_deptno);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('----------------------');
EXCEPTION
    WHEN OTHERS THEN
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('OTHERS exception on INSERT of employee # '
            || p_empno);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SQLCODE : ' || SQLCODE);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SQLERRM : ' || SQLERRM);
END;

If an exception occurs all database changes made in the procedure are automatically rolled back. In this example the EXCEPTION section with the WHEN OTHERS clause catches all exceptions. Two variables are displayed. SQLCODE is a number that identifies the specific exception that occurred. SQLERRM is a text message explaining the error. See Exception Handling for more information on exception handling.

The following shows the output when this procedure is executed.

EXEC emp_insert(9503,'PETERSON','ANALYST',7902,'31-MAR-05',5000,NULL,40);

Added employee...
Employee # : 9503
Name       : PETERSON
Job        : ANALYST
Manager    : 7902
Hire Date  : 31-MAR-05 00:00:00
Salary     : 5000
Dept #     : 40
----------------------

SELECT * FROM emp WHERE empno = 9503;

 empno | ename  |  job   | mgr  |      hiredate     |   sal   | comm | deptno
-------+--------+--------+------+-------------------+---------+------+-------
  9503 |PETERSON| ANALYST| 7902 | 31-MAR-05 00:00:00| 5000.00 |      |   40
(1 row)
Note

The INSERT command can be included in a FORALL statement. A FORALL statement allows a single INSERT command to insert multiple rows from values supplied in one or more collections. See Using the FORALL Statement for more information on the FORALL statement.

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